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Bali People Salutation

The closer you are to Balinese, the more difficult it is. Between friends, people just exchange a snort wink of the eyes (kejit). To a non-Balinese, this can be puzzling at first. Since, you don’t expect a salutation of this type, you tend to miss it and think, perhaps rather upset: ‘Why is he so friendly?’ All the while he was actually being very warm to you but with his eyes.

It you are woman, the wink is more mystifying still. You may think the guy is after you and is inviting you to bed. If you are interested, you will have to give a more obvious sign as the mekejitan wink only signifies friendliness.
Balinese do not normally shake hands, but if they think you do, as a European, they might try to do it, and almost at any time. So, after you have spoken informally with a man for five minutes, you might see him suddenly come to you, shake your hand and say, “Hi, my name is Nyoman Arya, what is yours?” Others, especially those who have lived in Java, practice the Islamic way of saluting. The fellow you meet will take your hand between two of his, let it slip away and touch his hand to his chest.

There is also a more traditional, “Balinese” way of saluting, the peculiarity of which is that it is the social expression of cosmological concepts. The Balinese see themselves as duplicates of the cosmos order. The head corresponds to the abode of the Gods; the lower body - from the navel down- corresponds the middle word, e.g. the abode, of the human.
A microcosm in structure, human should strive to live in accordance with the cosmic order, and one of the ways to achieve it is through the way he “salutes” the three categories of dwellers or “witness” (saksi) of the above-mentioned order, i.e. the Gods, human and demons.

The result is the sembah address gesture, in which the hands, joined together finger against finger and clasped together, are lowered or raised according to the “status” of the addressee. At the lower level, there is the sembah –here the prayer- addressed to the lower components of the world. Pertiwi (the Earth goddess), demonic force (buta) and the dead and uncremated souls are included in this category. In this sembah the joined hands are placed on the lower chest or navel and directed towards the earth.

Then there is the sembah salute addressed to fellow humans, the dwellers of the middle world, the joined hands area placed at the level of the upper chest, with the tips of the fingers pointing up.

More complex is the sembah –here again the prayer- addressed to the dwellers of the upper world. This sembah changes according to the status of the Gods. When one addresses the god of love (smara) and his mate the goddess of the moon (Ratih) as is usually done during a tooth filling ceremony, the thumbs are at the level of the chin. When one addresses deified ancestor (Bhatara Hyang), the thumbs should be in line with the level of the brow and the tips of the finger point upward. When one addresses the Dewa gods, who are the generating forces of the world, the sembah should be slightly higher at the level of the forehead.

Finally, when one is addressing the Supreme God (called Sang Hyang Widhi) the sembah gesture should be at the level of the fontanel –“the door of Siwa” though which Siwa’s sublime soul has entered the body to become the human individual soul. Flowers that further emphasize the symbolic presence, of the gods usually accompany all these sembah prayers. Few people actually know and respect the sembah rules of salute and prayer, in spite of the Parisada Hindu Dharma’s –Bureau of Hindu Affair- efforts to standardize the rules of prayer.

The sembah “salute” to fellow humans, at the level of the chest, is also strongly sponsored by the same institution. While offering up the sembah, one should say, Om Swastiastu; Om being the symbol of God in trinity, and swastiastu meaning, “May peace be with you.”

But in spite of such sponsorship, this sembah salute is rarely used, except in formal official circumstance. This might be due to the “reactionary” connotation attached to this salute. In one of its variants, the right fingers of the right and clasp the left hand, to signal the submission of ordinary people to upper dust of the caste and political system. Young people makes joke about the gesture, saying that it is like the “pressing of a mangos teen fruit” (mecik mangis). The only succumb to it in front of the pedanda (high priest).

And what about old, famous kiss? The Balinese find this European habit downright disgusting. But don’t many European find it vulgar also, except when between relative? The Balinese may also have good reason for their contempt. In the olden days, mouths were not a very appealing-looking part of the body; it carried the odor and flavor of the betel leaf and areca nut.

Any way, the word “kiss” is translated in Balinese language as mediman, which means to sniff somebody’s odor. It takes on a whole new meaning, doesn’t it?

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